- Number 432 |
- February 9, 2015
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Antireflective solar cells inspired by moths’ eyes
Reducing the amount of sunlight that bounces off the surface of a solar cell helps maximize the conversion of sunlight to electricity. To achieve that goal, scientists at Brookhaven Lab etched a nanoscale texture onto silicon to create an antireflective surface as good as that achieved by multiple layers of thin-film coatings.
Their method, inspired by the antireflective textured surface of moths’ eyes, has potential for streamlining production and reducing manufacturing costs. It may also be applied to reduce glare from windows, provide radar camouflage for military equipment, and increase the brightness of light-emitting diodes. -
Accident-tolerant fuels ready for testing
Higher performance nuclear fuels could allow use in a reactor for longer periods of time along with enhanced tolerance to severe accident conditions. The summer of 2014 marked an important milestone toward development of nuclear fuel with enhanced accident-tolerant characteristics.
For several years, researchers in laboratories across the U.S. have designed, fabricated and tested a host of novel nuclear fuels and cladding materials (enclosed tubes that house the fuel). Now, testing of promising fuels and materials with enhanced accident tolerant characteristics is commencing in a U.S. nuclear test reactor. -
Dark Energy Camera unveils small objects in solar system
The 570-megapixel Dark Energy Camera, built at DOE’s Fermilab and mounted on the 4-meter Victor Blanco Telescope in Chile, delivers some of the most detailed images of celestial objects. While about a third of the camera’s observing time goes to scientists working on the Dark Energy Survey, dozens of other teams share the remaining time. While the majority of them focus on observing objects far away, five groups recently highlighted in Symmetry magazine are investigating things close to Earth, looking for “space junk” that could damage satellites, large rocks that could hit Earth and other objects traversing our solar system.
Stony Brook University’s Aren Heinze and the University of Western Ontario’s Stanimir Metchev use DECam images to look for undiscovered members of our solar system’s main asteroid belt, which sits between Mars and Jupiter. They stack more than 100 images taken in less than two minutes to detect the positions, motions and brightnesses of asteroids not seen before. -
Growing high-efficiency perovskite solar cells
Recently in the journal Science, researchers at DOE's Los Alamos National Laboratory revealed a new solution-based hot-casting technique that allows growth of highly efficient and reproducible solar cells from large-area perovskite crystals.
“These perovskite crystals offer promising routes for developing low-cost, solar-based, clean global energy solutions for the future,” said Aditya Mohite, the Los Alamos scientist leading the project.
State-of-the-art photovoltaics using high-purity, large-area, wafer-scale single-crystalline semiconductors grown by sophisticated, high temperature crystal-growth processes are seen as the future of efficient solar technology. Solar cells composed of organic-inorganic perovskites offer efficiencies approaching that of silicon, but they have been plagued with some important deficiencies limiting their commercial viability. It is this failure that the Los Alamos technique successfully corrects.