Related Reports/Papers Available on
the Web:
Below are citations for model documentation reports and application papers.
These documents may be downloaded as PDF files by selecting the links on
the file sizes (given in parens).
References Describing Capabilities of the Model:
B. Shen, C. K. Rice and J. Sanyal, 2014. "HVAC System Optimization with a
Component Based System Model - New Version of ORNL Heat Pump Design Model",
Purdue HVAC/R Optimization Short Course, International Compressor &
Refrigeration Conference at Purdue, July 12-13, West Lafayette, Indiana.
(2.1
Mb)
C. K. Rice, 2005. Investigation of R-410A Air Conditioning System
Performance Operating at Extreme Ambient Temperatures up to the Refrigerant
Critical Point, Final Report, ARTI-21CR/605-50015-01, ORNL/TM-2005/277,
December 2005.
Project Summary (0.02
Mb)
Executive Summary (0.02 Mb)
Final
Report (0.6
Mb)
C. K. Rice, 2004. "Overview of DOE/ORNL Heat Pump Design Model and Use of Web
Versions", "New Capabilities of the Mark VI Web Version of the DOE/ORNL Heat
Pump Design Model", Simulation Tools For Vapor Compression Systems and
Component Analysis, USNC/IIR Short Course at 2004 Purdue International
Refrigeration Conference, July 13-14 , West Lafayette, Indiana.
(1.01
Mb) (1.18
Mb)
C. K. Rice, 2000. "Overview of DOE/ORNL Heat Pump Design Model and Use of Web
Versions", Simulation Tools For Vapor Compression Systems and Component
Analysis, USNC/IIR Short Course at 2000 Purdue International Refrigeration
Conference, July 23-24, West Lafayette, Indiana.
(0.42
Mb)
C. K. Rice, 1997. "DOE/ORNL Heat Pump Design Model, Overview and Application
to R-22 Alternatives", 3rd International Conference on Heat Pumps in Cold
Climates, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada, Aug. 11-12, 1997; Caneta Research,
Inc., Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, November, pp.43-66.
(3.9
Mb)
C. K. Rice, 1996. "ORNL Heat Pump Design Model, Description of Heat Pump
Specification Data, Mark V, Version 95D", Update Notes, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, May, 23 pages.
(0.40Mb)
C. K. Rice, 1996. "ORNL Mark V Heat Pump Design Model, Summary Of Changes
From Version 95B To 95D", Update Notes, Oak Ridge National Laboratory,
May, 3 pages.
(0.24
Mb)
C. K. Rice and W. L. Jackson, 1994. PUREZ -- The Mark V ORNL Heat Pump
Design Model For Chlorine-Free, Pure And Near-Azeotropic Refrigerant
Alternatives, Documentation Package, Version 0.95B, Oak Ridge National
Laboratory, November.
(0.6
Mb)
C. K. Rice, 1991. The ORNL Modulating Heat Pump Design Tool - Mark IV
User's Guide, ORNL/CON-343, 199 pages.
(2.7 Mb)
S. K. Fischer, C. K. Rice, and W. L. Jackson, 1988. The Oak Ridge Heat
Pump Model: Mark III Version Program Documentation, ORNL/TM-10192, March, 31
pages.
(2.2 Mb)
C. K. Rice, 1987. "The Effect of Void Fraction Correlation and Heat Flux
Assumption on Refrigerant Charge Inventory Predictions," ASHRAE
Transactions, Vol. 93, Part 1, pp.341-67.
(3.0 Mb)
S. K. Fischer and C. K. Rice, 1983. The Oak Ridge Heat Pump Models: I. A
Steady-State Computer Design Model for Air-to-Air Heat Pumps,
ORNL/CON-80/R1, August, 185 pages.
(11.1 Mb)
S. K. Fischer and C. K. Rice, 1982."Computer-Aided Heat-Pump Design and
Optimization", Proceedings of the DOE Heat Pump Contractors' Program
Integration Meeting, June 2-4, 1981, Tysons Corner, McLean, Virginia,
CONF-810672, March.
(1.4
Mb)
A. E. Dabiri and C. K. Rice, 1981. "A Compressor Simulation Model with
Corrections for the Level of Suction Gas Superheat," ASHRAE Transactions,
Vol. 87, Part 2, pp.771-782.
(1.4 Mb)
R. D. Ellison, et al., 1979. "Heat Pump Modeling: A Progress Report,"
Proceedings of the 4th Annual Heat Pump Technology Conference, Oklahoma
State University, Stillwater, April 9-10, 1979, pp. II 1-9.
(1.9
Mb )
R. D. Ellison and F. A. Creswick, 1978. A Computer Simulation of
Steady-State Performance of Air-to-Air Heat Pumps, ORNL/CON-16, March, 104
pages.
(6.5 Mb)
Another related report is on a modification of the Mark IV modulating model for automotive application. Most discussion in the report relates to the use of the residential heat pump model as much as the automotive version. This model is no longer supported.
D. M. Kyle, 1993. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory Automobile Heat Pump
Model: User's Guide, ORNL/CON-359, May. 97 pages.
(6.8 Mb)
References Describing Applications of the Model:
B. Shen, S.S. Shrestha, and O. Abdelaziz, 2016. "Model Validations for
Low-GWP refrigerants in Mini-Split Air Conditioning Units", Science and
Technology for the Built Environment,Vol. 22, Issue 8.
(0.63
Mb)
B. Shen and O. Abdelaziz, 2016. "Assessment of DR-55 as a Drop-In Replacement
for R-410A", 2016 International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference
at Purdue, West Lafayette, Indiana.
(0.42 Mb)
B. Shen, M. Bhandari, M. Rane, and D. Mota, 2016."Low GWP Refrigerants
Modelling Study for a Room Air Conditioner Having Microchannel Heat Exchangers",
2016 International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference at
Purdue, West Lafayette, Indiana.
(0.67 Mb)
B. Shen, K. R. Gluesenkamp, P. Bansal, and D. Beers, 2016. "Heat Pump Clothes
Dryer Model Development", 2016 International Refrigeration and Air
Conditioning Conference at Purdue, West Lafayette, Indiana.
(0.66 Mb)
B. Shen, C. K. Rice, 2016. "Modeling of Air-Source Integrated Heat Pumps",
Presentation at 2016 ACEEE Hot Water Forum, Portland, Oregon, Feb. 22-24.
(2.3
Mb)
B. Shen, O. Abdelaziz, C. K. Rice, and V. D. Baxter, 2016. "Cold Climate Heat
Pumps Using Tandem Compressors", 2016 ASHRAE Winter Conference Paper,
Orlando, FL, January.
(0.55
Mb)
B. Shen, C. K. Rice, and O. Abdelaziz, 2015. "Development of Cold Climate
Heat Pump Using Two-Stage Compression", 24th IIR International Congress of
Refrigeration, Yokohama, Japan, August.
(0.49
Mb)
B. Shen, C. K. Rice, and O. Abdelaziz, 2015. "Tandem, single-speed compressor
air-source heat pump system laboratory and preliminary field test results",
IEA HPP Annex 41 - Cold Climate Heat Pumps: Improving Low Ambient Temperature
Performance of Air-Source Heat Pumps, Yokohama, Japan, August.
(2.53
Mb)
P. Bansal and B. Shen, 2015. "Analysis of Environmentally Friendly
Refrigerant Options for Window Air Conditioners", Science and Technology for
the Built Environment,Vol. 21, Issue 5, March.
(0.89
Mb)
B. Shen, C. K. Rice, and O. Abdelaziz, 2014. "Compressor Selection and Equipment Sizing
for Cold Climate Heat Pumps", Conference Proceedings of 11th
International Energy Agency Heat Pump Conference, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, May 12-16.
(1.06
Mb)
C. K. Rice, B. Shen, V. D. Baxter, S. S. Shrestha, and R. B. Uselton, 2014.
"Development of an Air-Source Heat Pump Integrated with a Water Heating /
Dehumidification Module", Presentation at Conference Proceedings of 11th
International Energy Agency Heat Pump Conference, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,
May 12-16.
(1.57
Mb)
C. K. Rice, B. Shen, V. D. Baxter, S. S. Shrestha, and R. B. Uselton, 2014.
"Development of an Air-Source Heat Pump Integrated with a Water Heating /
Dehumidification Module", Conference Proceedings of 11th International Energy
Agency Heat Pump Conference, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, May 12-16.
(0.76
Mb)
C. K. Rice, B. Shen, J. D. Munk, M. R. Ally, and V. D. Baxter, 2014.
"Development of a Variable-Speed Residential Air-Source Integrated Heat Pump",
Presentation at Conference Proceedings of 11th International Energy Agency
Heat Pump Conference, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, May 12-16.
(1.52
Mb)
C. K. Rice, B. Shen, J. D. Munk, M. R. Ally, and V. D. Baxter, 2014.
"Development of a Variable-Speed Residential Air-Source Integrated Heat Pump",
Conference Proceedings of 11th International Energy Agency Heat Pump
Conference, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, May 12-16.
(0.42
Mb)
B. Shen, C.K. Rice, and V.D.Baxter, 2013. "Energy Simulation of Integrated
Multiple-Zone Variable Refrigerant Flow System", 2013 ASHRAE Summer
Conference Paper, Denver, CO., June.
(0.20
Mb)
M. K. West and R. Combes, 2013. "Improvement of Integrated Energy Efficiency
and Latent Cooling Capability by Refrigeration Cycle Variation with Evaporator
Coil Optimization in R-410a Unitary Equipment", ASHRAE Transactions, Vol.
119, Part 2, May.
(1.04 Mb)
C. K. Rice, V. D. Baxter, S. A. Hern, T. P. McDowell, J. D. Munk, and B.
Shen, 2013. "Development of a Residential Ground-Source Integrated Heat Pump",
Presentation at 2013 ASHRAE Winter Conference, Dallas, TX., January.
(0.37
Mb)
C. K. Rice, V. D. Baxter, S. A. Hern, T. P. McDowell, J. D. Munk, and B.
Shen, 2013. "Development of a Residential Ground-Source Integrated Heat Pump",
2013 ASHRAE Winter Conference Paper, Dallas, TX., January.
(0.12
Mb)
B. Shen, O. Abdelaziz, and C. K. Rice, 2013. "Auto-Calibration and Control
Strategy Determination for a Variable-Speed Heat Pump Water Heater Using
Optimization", Presentation at 2013 ASHRAE Winter Conference, Dallas,
TX., January.
(0.54 Mb)
B. Shen, O. Abdelaziz, and C. K. Rice, 2012. "Auto-Calibration and Control
Strategy Determination for a Variable-Speed Heat Pump Water Heater Using
Optimization", International Journal of HVAC&R, Vol. 18, No. 5,
October.
(0.99
Mb)
B. Shen and C. K. Rice, 2012. "Multiple-Zone Variable Refrigerant Flow System
Modeling and Equipment Performance Mapping", 2012 ASHRAE Winter
Conference, Chicago, IL.
(0.42
Mb)
B. Shen, C. K. Rice, and E. A. Vineyard, 2012. "Development of 20 IEER
Rooftop Units - A Simulation Study", International Refrigeration and Air
Conditioning Conference at Purdue, July 16-19, 2012.
(0.21 Mb)
I. Mahderekal, B. Shen, and E. A. Vineyard, 2012. "System Modeling of Gas
Engine Driven Heat Pump", International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
Conference at Purdue, July 16-19, 2012.
(0.33 Mb)
O. Abdelaziz and B. Shen, 2012. "Cold Climates Heat Pump Design
Optimization", Conference CD of ASHRAE 2012 Winter Conference, Chicago,
IL.
(0.30
Mb)
O.
Abdelaziz, B. Shen, Z. Gao, V. D. Baxter, and I. Iu, 2011. "Development of a
High Performance Air Source Heat Pump for the US Market", Proceedings of 10th
IEA Heat Pump Conference 2011, 16 - 19 May 2011.
(0.33
Mb)
V. D. Baxter, R. W. Murphy, C. K. Rice, B. Shen, and Z. Gao, 2011.
Analysis of Highly-Efficient Electric Residential HPWHs,
ORNL/TM-2011/278, September, 27 pages.
(0.92 Mb)
B. Shen, M. R. Ally, C. K. Rice, and W. G. Craddick, 2011. Direct
Evaporative Precooling Model and Analysis, ORNL/TM-2010/231, January, 88
pages.
(1.77 Mb)
O. Abdelaziz, B. Shen, and C. K. Rice, 2010. "Engineering Optimization: From
Intuition to Systematic Techniques", Seminar Presentation, ASHRAE 2010 Annual
Conference.
(0.39
Mb)
V. D. Baxter, R. W. Murphy, C. K. Rice, and W. G. Craddick, 2010. "Zero (or
Low) Energy Home (ZEH) Equipment Needs in a Range of US Climates", Presentation
at 2010 ASHRAE Annual Conference, June.
(2.15 Mb)
J. D. Kueck, B. J. Kirby, M. R. Ally, and C. K. Rice, 2009. Prediction of
Air Conditioning Load Response for Providing Spinning Reserve,
ORNL/TM-2008/227, February, 38 pages.
(0.27 Mb)
J. Proctor, C. Buntine, and B. Knight, 2008. Energy Performance of Hot,
Dry Optimized Air Conditioning Systems, CEC-500-2008-056, July
(2.0 Mb)
C. K. Rice, R. W. Murphy, and V. D. Baxter, 2008. "Design Approach and
Performance Analysis of a Small Integrated Heat Pump (IHP) for Net Zero Energy
Homes (ZEH)", Presentation at 2008 International Refrigeration and Air
Conditioning Conference at Purdue, July 14-17.
(0.71
Mb)
C. K. Rice, R. W. Murphy, and V. D. Baxter, 2008. "Design Approach and
Performance Analysis of a Small Integrated Heat Pump (IHP) for Net Zero Energy
Homes (ZEH)", 2008 International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
Conference at Purdue, July 14-17. Paper 2285, 8 pages.
(0.13
Mb)
R. W. Murphy, V. D. Baxter, C. K. Rice, and W. G. Craddick, 2008,
"Development of a Small Integrated Heat Pump (IHP) For Net Zero Energy Homes",
Proceedings of 9th International Energy Agency Heat Pump Conference,
20-22 May 2008, Zurich, Switzerland, Paper 7.5/Session 7, 10 pages.
(0.36
Mb)
C. K. Rice, H. I. Henderson, and W. G. Craddick, 2008. "ORNL HVAC/WH Research Overview
-- Analysis of DH Options", Building America Quarterly Meeting, April.
(0.37
Mb)
R. W. Murphy, V. D. Baxter, C. K. Rice, and W. G. Craddick, 2007, Air
Source Integrated Heat Pump for Near Zero Energy Houses: Technology Status
Report. ORNL/TM-2007/112, December, 81 pages.
(1.3
Mb)
R. W. Murphy, V. D. Baxter, C. K. Rice, and W. G. Craddick, 2007, Ground
Source Integrated Heat Pump for Near Zero Energy Houses: Technology Status
Report. ORNL/TM-2007/177, December, 66 pages.
(0.65
Mb)
H. I. Henderson, D. B. Shirey, and R. A. Raustad, 2007. Closing the Gap:
Getting Full Performance from Residential Central Air Conditioners. Task 4 -
Develop New Climate-Sensitive Air Conditioner, Simulation Results and Cost
Benefit Analysis, FSEC-CR-1716-07, April 27.
(1.95
Mb)
C. K. Rice, 2005. Investigation of R-410A Air Conditioning System
Performance Operating at Extreme Ambient Temperatures up to the Refrigerant
Critical Point, Final Report, ARTI-21CR/605-50015-01, ORNL/TM-2005/277,
December 2005.
Project Summary (0.02
Mb)
Executive Summary (0.02 Mb)
Final
Report (0.6
Mb)
D. S. Parker, J. R. Sherwin, and B. Hibbs, 2005. Development of High
Efficiency Air Conditioner Condenser Fans, FSEC-CR-1674-05, June.
(0.92
Mb)
C. K. Rice and J. J. Tomlinson, 2005. "Potential for Lower Refrigerant Charge
in Conventional and Advanced Heat Pump Systems", IEA Heat Pump Centre
Newsletter, Volume 23, No. 2,p.26.
(3.45
Mb)
J. J. Tomlinson, C. K. Rice, and E. Baskin, 2005. "Integrated Heat Pumps for
Combined Space Conditioning and Water Heating", 8th IEA Heat Pump Conference
2005: Global Advances in Heat Pump Technology, Applications, and Markets, May
30-June 02, Las Vegas, USA
(0.07
Mb)
A. Rosenfeld, G. Rosenquist, and C. K. Rice, 2005. "Economic Evaluation of
Residential Air Conditioner Designs for Hot and Dry Climates", Presentation at
ARI Spring Product Section Meeting, Reston, VA, April 20.
(0.62
Mb)
C. K. Rice, 2005. "Analysis of Improved AC & HP Designs for Hot/Dry
Climates", Summary Presentation on Hot/Dry Climate Research, April.
(0.24
Mb)
H. I. Henderson, 2004. "Theoretical Discussion: Impacts of Air Flow on AC
Performance", Seminar Presentation, ASHRAE Summer Meeting. June 30.
(0.73
Mb)
M. W. Spatz, 2000. "Replacements for HCFC-22 in Air Conditioning and Heat
Pump Systems" Proceedings of the 2000 International Refrigeration Conference
at Purdue, July 25-28, pp. 143-152.
(0.08
Mb)
J. Zheng, H. M. Hughes, M. W. Spatz, G. J. Zyhowski, 1998. "Optimization
Strategies for Unitary Air Conditioners Using R-410A", Proceedings of the
1998 International Refrigeration Conference at Purdue, July 14-17, pp.
69-74.
(0.84
Mb)
C. K. Rice, 1997. "DOE/ORNL Heat Pump Design Model, Overview and Application
to R-22 Alternatives", 3rd International Conference on Heat Pumps in Cold
Climates, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada, Aug. 11-12, 1997; Caneta Research,
Inc., Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, November, pp.43-66.
(3.9
Mb)
G. J. Rosenquist, 1997. "Comparison of Simulated and Measured Test Data on
Air-Source Heat Pumps", 3rd International Conference on Heat Pumps in Cold
Climates, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada, Aug. 11-12, 1997; Caneta Research,
Inc., Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, November, pp.391-405.
(0.3
Mb)
W. P. Levins, C. K. Rice, and V. D. Baxter, 1997. "Modeled and Measured
Effects of Compressor Downsizing in an Existing Air Conditioner/Heat Pump in the
Cooling Mode," ASHRAE Transactions, Vol. 192, Part 2, pp.22-33.
(0.7 Mb)
J. Proctor, Z. Katsnelson, G. Peterson, A. Edminster, 1994. Investigation
Of Peak Electric Load Impacts of High SEER Residential HVAC Units, PG&E
Report 008.1-94.2, May.
(1.0
Mb)
C. K. Rice, L. S. Wright, and P. K. Bansal, 1994. "Thermodynamic Cycle
Evaluation Model for R-22 Alternatives in Heat Pumps - Initial Results and
Comparisons," Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. on Heat Pumps in Cold Climates,
Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada, Aug.16-17,1993; Caneta Research, Inc.,
Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, January, pp.81-96.
(3.0
Mb)
M. W. Spatz and J. Zheng, 1992. "Performance of Alternative Refrigerants in
Heat Pumps and Air Conditioners", presented at the 1992 International
Refrigeration Conference at Purdue, July, published in the Proceedings of
the 1994 International Refrigeration Conference at Purdue, pp. 465-475.
(4.5
Mb)
C. K. Rice, 1992. "Benchmark Performance Analysis of an ECM-Modulated
Air-to-Air Heat Pump with a Reciprocating Compressor", Presentation
Slides. Jan.
(1.6 Mb)
C. K. Rice, 1992. "Benchmark Performance Analysis of an ECM-Modulated
Air-to-Air Heat Pump with a Reciprocating Compressor," ASHRAE
Transactions, Vol. 98, Part1, 1992 pp.430-50
(2.8 Mb)
M. W. Spatz, 1991. "Performance of Alternative Refrigerants from a System's
Perspective", 1991 International CFC and Halon Conference, Baltimore, MD,
December, pp.352-361.
(1.2
Mb)
C. K. Rice, 1988. "Efficiency Characteristics of Speed Modulated Drives at
Predicted Torque Conditions for Air-to-Air Heat Pumps," ASHRAE
Transactions, Vol. 94, Part 1, pp.892-921 .
(4.1 Mb)
W. A. Miller, 1988. "Laboratory Capacity Modulation Experiments, Analyses,
And Validation", Proceedings of the 2nd DOE/ORNL Heat Pump Conference:
Research and Development on Heat Pumps for Space Conditioning Applications,
CONF-8804100, April 17-20, 1988, Washington, D.C., April, pp. 7-21.
(2.0 Mb)
C. K. Rice, 1988. "Capacity Modulation Component Characterization and Design
Tool Development", Proceedings of the 2nd DOE/ORNL Heat Pump Conference:
Research and Development on Heat Pumps for Space Conditioning Applications,
CONF-8804100, April 17-20, 1988, Washington, D.C., April, pp. 23-33.
(1.7 Mb)
S. K. Fischer and C. K. Rice, 1985. "System Design Optimization and
Validation for Single-Speed Heat Pumps," Heat Pumps: Unitary, ASHRAE
Technical Bulletin, pp.21-34. (also published in ASHRAE Transactions,
Vol. 91, Part 2, pp.509-522.
(2.0 Mb)
C. K. Rice and S. K. Fischer, 1985. "A Comparative Analysis of Single- and
Continuously Variable-Capacity Heat Pump Concepts", Proceedings of the
DOE/ORNL Heat Pump Conference: Research and Development on Heat Pumps for Space
Conditioning Applications, CONF-841231, Dec. 11-13, 1984, Washington, D. C.,
August, pp. 57-65.
(1.3
Mb)
A. E. Dabiri, 1982. "A Steady State Simulation Model for Air-to-Air Heat Pumps," ASHRAE Transactions,
Vol. 88, Part 2.
(1.0 Mb)
C. K. Rice, S. K. Fischer, W. L. Jackson, and R. D. Ellison, 1981. "Design
Optimization of Conventional Heat Pumps: Application to Steady-State Heating
Efficiency," ASHRAE Transactions, Vol. 87, Part 1, pp.1037-1055.
(2.0 Mb)
C. K. Rice, S. K. Fischer, W. L. Jackson, and R. D. Ellison, 1981. Design
Optimization and the Limits of Steady-State Heating Efficiency for Conventional
Single-Speed Air-Source Heat Pumps, ORNL/CON-63, October, 87 pages.
(8.4 Mb)
Refrigerant-Mixture-Related Modeling and Analysis Papers:
C. K. Rice, L. S. Wright, and P. K. Bansal, 1994. "Thermodynamic Cycle
Evaluation Model for R-22 Alternatives in Heat Pumps - Initial Results and
Comparisons," Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. on Heat Pumps in Cold Climates,
Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada, Aug.16-17,1993; Caneta Research, Inc.,
Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, January, pp.81-96.
(3.0
Mb)
C. K. Rice, 1993. "Influence of HX Size and Augmentation on Performance
Potential of Mixtures in Air-to-Air Heat Pumps," After R-22, What?ASHRAE
Technical Data Bulletin, Volume 9, Number 4, pp.77-91.(also published in
ASHRAE Transactions, Vol. 99, Part 2, pp.665-79.
(2.7 Mb)
C. K. Rice and J. R. Sand, 1990. "Initial Parametric Results Using Cyclez- An
LMTD-Specified, Lorenz-Meutzner Cycle Refrigerator- Freezer Model",
USNC/IIR-Purdue Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference,
(0.83
Mb)
Other Related Heat Pump Modeling Reports/Papers:
B. Shen, J. E. Braun, and E. A. Groll, 2011. "The Impact of Refrigerant
Charge, Air Flow and Expansion Devices on the Measured Performance of an
Air-Source Heat Pump - Part I", ASHRAE Transactions, Volume 117, Part 2.
(link)
B. Shen, E. A. Groll and J. E. Braun, 2011. "Modeling Improvements for Air
Source Heat Pumps using Different Expansion Devices at Varied Charge Levels -
Part II", ASHRAE Transactions, Volume 117, Part 2.
(link)
B. Shen, J. E. Braun, and E. A. Groll, 2009. "Improved Methodologies for
Simulating Unitary Air Conditioners at Off-Design Conditions", International
Journal of Refrigeration, Volume 32.
(link)
B. Shen, J. E. Braun, and E. A. Groll, 2006. "A Method for Tuning Refrigerant
Charge in Modeling Off-Design Performance of Unitary Equipment", HVAC&R
Research, Volume 12, Issue 3, July.
(link)
B. Shen, E. A. Groll, and J. E. Braun, 2006. RP-1173 -- Improvement and
Validation of Unitary Air Conditioner and Heat Pump Simulation Models at
Off-Design Conditions, ASHRAE Research Project Report.
(link)
J. T. Leroy, E. A. Groll, and J. E. Braun, 1997. RP-859 -- Capacity and
Power Demand of Unitary Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps Under Extreme
Temperatures and Humidity Conditions, ASHRAE Research Project Report.
(link)
ORNL print reports can be ordered from NTIS (National Technical Information Service) at 1-800-553-6847.